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Licorice
Description: Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root has long been used around the world for its effectiveness as an overall body tonic. It contains many vitamins and minerals, including lecithin, protein, Magnesium, Silicon, thiamine, and Vitamins B and Vitamin E. Its root is the plant part used in all preparations, and it has a strong flavor which some may find unpleasant.
Licorice has long been used in Chinese medicine to enhance the effects of other herbal remedies. This enhancing behavior may be the reason for licorice’s effectiveness at improving immunity.
1 Licorice stimulates immunity in several ways,2 including encouraging the growth of T-cells and interferon.3
Licorice root protects the stomach and duodenum from ulcers by increasing the production of munin, which protects the stomach and intestine lining against stomach acid.
4 It also appears to help fight the H. pylori bacteria.5
Licorice Root also works as an antioxidant, and has been shown to help lower LDL levels,
6 thus lowering cholesterol.
Licorice is effective in regulating blood pressure, something which does not happen naturally in many Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients.
7 Taking a licorice supplementation regularly has been shown to help CFS sufferers.8 A health care provider should be consulted before licorice is added as a supplement, however, as too high a dose can cause high blood pressure.
Licorice also has antiviral properties.
9 It is also known to aid in the healing of ulcerative lesions like those of herpes simplex. It both speeds healing and alleviates pain.10 Topical and internal use combined appear to have the best results.11
Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, licorice may be as effective as cortisone in the treatment of itching due to eczema.
12 In one study, children who took licorice internally experienced a 90% reduction in eczema symptoms.
The licorice constituent glycyrrhizin is often injected as a treatment for hepatitis B and C.
13,14 Laboratory studies show that it may also be useful in preventing hepatitis A from replicating.15 Use of glycyrrhizin orally has not been studied, and may not be as effective.
Licorice inhibits HIV reproduction in a laboratory setting.
16 Injected glycyrrhizin (extracted from licorice) appears beneficial in AIDS treatment,17 as dose orally administered licorice.18
Licorice encourages the production of mucin, which protects the digestive tract against difficulties caused by stomach acid.
19 It can be taken before meals and at least an hour before bedtime to ease indigestion problems.20
Licorice can improve menstruation in women with irregular cycles. It may also help to restore hormonal balance in women with low estrogen.
21

Useful in treatment of: atherosclerosis, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, cold sores, eczema, Fibromylagia, hepatitis, HIV Support, indigestion and heartburn, Immune Function Improvement, Female Infertility, Peptic Ulcer.

Recommended Dosage: 500 mg daily.

Contraindications: high blood pressure is exacerbated by licorice.

References:

1Akamatsu H, et al. Mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of glycyrrhizin: effect on neutrophil functions including reactive oxygen species generation. Planta Medica 1991;57:119-21.
2Chavali SR, et al. An in vitro study of immunomodulatory effects of some saponins. Intl J Immunopharmacol 1987;9:675.
3Shinada M, et al. Enhancement of interferon-gamma production in glycyrrhizin-treated human peripheral lymphocytes in response to concanavalin A and to surface antigen of hepatitis B virus. Proc Soc Exp Bio Med 1986;181:205.
4Goso Y, Ogata Y, Ishihara K, Hotta K. Effects of traditional herbal medicine on gastric mucin against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats. Comp Biochem Physiol 1996; 113C:17–21.
5Beil W, Birkholz W, Sewing KF. Effects of flavonoids on parietal cell acid secretion, gastric mucosal prostaglandin production and Helicobacter pylori growth. Arzneim Forsch 1995;45:697–700.
6American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1997; 66(2).
7Bou-Holaigah I, Rowe PC, Kan J, Calkins H. The relationship between neurally mediated hypotension and the chronic fatigue syndrome. JAMA 1995;274:961–67.
8Baschetti R. Chronic fatigue syndrome and liquorice. New Z Med J 1995;108:156–57.
9Pompeii R, et al. Antiviral activity of glycyrrhizic acid. Experentia 1980;36:304.
10Poswillo D, Partridge M. Management of recurrent apthous ulcers. Br Dent J 1984;137:55_7.
11Partridge M, Poswillo D. Topical carbonoxolone sodium in the management of herpes simplex infections. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1984;22:138_45.
12Evans FQ. Brit J Clin Pract 1958;12:269-79.
13Suzuki H, Ohta Y, Takino T, et al. Effects of glycyrrhizin on biochemical tests in patients with chronic hepatitis. Double blind trial. Asian Med J 1983;26:423–38.
14Yasuda K, Hino K, Fujioka S, et al. Effects of high dose therapy with Stronger Neo-Minophagen C (SNMC) on hepatic histography in non-A, non-B chronic active hepatitis. In Viral Hepatitis C, D, E, ed. T Shikata, RH Purcell, T Uchida. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1991, 205–9.
15Crance JM, L’eveque F, Biziagos E, et al. Studies on mechanism of action on glycyrrhizin against hepatitis A virus replication in vitro. Antiviral Res 1994;23:63–76.
16Ito M, Sato A, Hirabayashi K, et al. Mechanism of inhibitory effect of glycyrrhizin on replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Antivir Res 1988;10:289–98.
17Hattori I, Ikematsu S, Koito A, et al. Preliminary evidence for inhibitory effect of glycyrrhizin on HIV replication in patients with AIDS. Antivir Res 1989;11:255–62.
18Ikegami N, et al. Prophylactice effect of long-term oral administration of glycyrrhizin on AIDS development of asymptomatic patients. Int Conf AIDS 1993;9:234 [abstract PO-A25-0596].
19Goso Y, Ogata Y, Ishihara K, Hotta K. Effects of traditional herbal medicine on gastric acid. Biochem Physiol 1996;113C:17–21.
20Reed PI, Davies WA. Controlled trial of a carbenoxolone/alginate antacid combination in reflux oesophagitis. Curr Med Res Opin 1978;5:637–44.
21Yaginuma, T., et al. Effect of traditional herbal medicine on serum testosterone levels and induction of regular ovulation in hyper-androgenic and oligomenorrheic women. Nippon Sank Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi, 34(7):939-944, 1982.

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